S - spikelet 中文

spikelet 小穗；小穗狀花。

spikenard
57 protein spots out of about 1000 detectable spots on the 2 - d gels were indentified by the following two methods : l ) n ~ terminal edman degradation microsequencing after the protein spots were electro - transferred to pvdf membrane . 2 ) maldi - tof - ms peptide fingerprint analysis of the protein spots and protein database searching . the 2d protein maps of the rice spikelet during the sterile and fertile stages were compared 二是通過原位酶解，抽提蛋白質片段進行maldi - tof質譜分析，利用肽質量指紋圖數據在數據庫中進行檢索，在雙向電泳凝膠上取了57個點進行分析，有34個蛋白質點在數據庫得到歸屬鑒定。
Indentificatiort is also the first step towards studies on protein co - and post - translational modification , and ultimately , function . in the present study , the total proteins of the photo - thermo sensitive genie male - sterile rice ( oryza sativa , peiai64s ) spikelet at meiosis stage were used as the material . by optimizing crucial factors and procedures such as sample treatment , electrophoresis parameters , and gel concentration , 2 - d maps with high quality and reproducibility were obtained 用兩種方法對經雙向電泳分離的凝膠上的蛋白質點進行了初步鑒定，一是通過電印跡轉移把蛋白質轉到pvdf膜上，再用edman降解的方法測得部分相對分子質量在10000 - 30000da的蛋白質點的n -端序列，通過網上搜索其同源性對其進行鑒定，并確定該點在凝膠上的位置。
The study on the characteristics of development and seed setting of different spikelet and floret positions was important for the realization of big - spike - cultural - goal with more spikelets and grains . with both the winter type ( wv ) and spring type ( sv ) varieties sown at different dates , it was found that the greater seed setting capacity of spikelets resulted in more grain number of spike . the trend of differences in grain weight per spikelet between the different sowing dates and varieties was similar to that of grain number . the correlation between the average grain weight of middle spikelets and lower spikelets and the grain weight per spike was highly significant . the environmental changes resulted from different sowing dates mainly effected the middle spikelets development , even though the differences between wv and sv were represented in every spikelet positions . the grain weight on the second floret position was most sensitive to the development status of wheat plant and environmental changes , and could represent the yielid potential of the whole spikelet . the results showed that the enhancement of seed setting of the middle spikelets ( from 5th to 15th ) and the grain development from the first to third floret positions was a key to realize big - spike and grain 確定小麥不同小穗位和小花位發育與結實特性是實現大穗多粒的重要前提.本文通過對冬、春性小麥品種分期播種試驗得出,較高的小穗結實力是增加穗粒數的重要因素.不同播期、品種之間,小穗粒重和粒數呈現相同的變化趨勢.中部以及基部小穗粒重與穗粒重之間呈高度正相關.體現環境差異的播期效應以對中部小穗發育的影響為主,而冬、春性品種的基因型差異可反映在各個小穗位上.第2小花位的子粒發育狀況反映整個小穗的生產能力.結果表明,促進中部優勢小穗(第5 15小穗)結實和第1 3小花位子粒發育是提高小花結實率和穗粒重的關鍵
In normal greenhouse condition , coda - transgenic wheat lines ( to ) had the same plant morphorlogy and pollen i2 - ki staining rate as untransformed control plant . after treating with 300 mm of 5 - fc , however , changes in configurations of spikelet , floret and anther have been observed in the transgenic lines but not in the control , and 50 % gus - positive lines displayed outside - opened glume , abnormal stamen , smaller and thinner anther , shorter filament , and failure of selfing . in parts of 5 - fc - treated transgenic lines , the pollen staining rate by i2 - ki was much lower than that of untransformed control 溫室栽培的轉基因小麥苗( t _ 0 )未噴5 - fc處理時植株外部形態和花粉碘-碘化鉀染色的著色率與未轉基因的對照沒有差異；用300mm的5 - fc處理后，發現有50 gus陽性株系與對照有明顯的區別，表現為小穗穎殼外張，花絲短縮，花藥發育不良，較小、黃白色且花粉粒少，自花不授粉，無外來花粉授粉則不結實。
( 4 ) the results of qtl mapping indicated that the inheritance of yield traits was very complex , the explanation as follows : additive effects except for sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) , qtls of additive effects were tested for all other traits , with 10 qtls for 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) . the large variance of the effect values and the contribution rate of qtls indicated that the effects are difference for different qtls 14 。（ 4 ）通過對產量性狀qtls作圖，發現產量性狀的遺傳非常復雜，可以從4個方面說明：加性效應除不孕小穗數外，各性狀均檢測到了表現加性效應的qtls 。其中，在各環境聯合分析下，檢測到了10個千粒重qtls ，各qtls的加性效應值和對群體變異的貢獻率也存在很大差異，說明不同的qtls不是等效的。
The results showed that : ( 1 ) a very significant increase in grain weight per plant ( gwpp ) of super high - yielding combinations mainly results from more panicles per plant ( ppp ) . ( 2 ) the order of contribution to gwpp was panicles per plant , filled grains per panicle ( fgpp ) , 1000 - grain weight ( kgw ) , spikelets per panicle ( spp ) , plumping degree ( pd ) filled grain rate ( fgr ) . ( 3 ) gwpp has positive correlation with ppp and fgpp at 0 . 01 significant level , with fgr at 0 . 05 significant level . ( 4 ) on the background of big panicle hybrid rice gwpp has positive partial correlation with ppp , kgw and pd at 0 . 01 significant level , which means any increase in these yield components can increase yield 結果表明： ( 1 )不同產量水平大穗型組合產量的差異主要受單株穗數差異的影響； ( 2 )產量構成因素對產量的作用大小依次為：單株穗數每穗實粒數千粒重每穗總粒數充實度結實率； ( 3 )單株穗數和每穗實粒數與產量正相關達極顯著水平，結實率與產量正相關達顯著水平： ( 4 )單株穗數、千粒重和充實度與產量的偏相關為正，且達到極顯著水平，說明在大穗的基礎上，單株穗數的增加、千粒重和充實度的提高可以使產量顯著增加。
Combination of additive effects and interaction effects can account for over 50 % of genotypic variation in spikelet number per spike ( sns ) and spike number per 50cm row ( snr ) , and over 40 % in fertile spikelet number per spike ( fsns ) , 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) and ear length ( el ) , over 30 % in plant height ( ph ) , over 20 % in sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) and less than 10 % in grain weight per 50cm row ( gwr ) and grain number per spike ( gns ) 加性效應和互作效應聯合起來，可以解釋群體總小穗數和50cm行長穗數變異的50以上，結實小穗數、千粒重和穗長變異的40以上，株高的30以上，不孕小穗數的20以上，而只能解釋50cm行長粒重和穗粒數變異的10以下。
The effects of sowing dates on phenotype value of grain weight per plant , seed setting rate and path coefficients of seed setting rate were more effective than those on partial correlation coefficients between grain weight per plant and panicles per plaht , total spikelets per panicle and seed setting rate 播期對單株產量、結實率及結實率相對重要性影響較大，而對單株產量與單株有效穗、穗粒數及結實率的偏相關影響較小。
Many spikelets and good grain - filling were the direct factors for the high yield of sscmts in hybrid rice , and those high - yielding factors relied on high quality seedlings , sturdy individuals , high quality population and vigorous later growth “兩超”栽培高素質的“超多蘗壯秧”和本田期健壯的個體生長是其穗足、穗大粒多的前提，而其高質量的群體結構和明顯的后期生長優勢是其籽粒灌漿結實良好和單穗重提高的物質保證。
The positive significant correlations were found between heading date and spikelet number per spike , plant height and protein content , 1000 - grain weight and grain numbers per spike , grain number per spike and grain weight per spike , respectively 結果表明：抽穗期與小穗數、株高與蛋白質含量、千粒重與穗粒重以及穗粒數與穗粒重均呈極顯著的正偏相關。
The positive correlation between 1000 - grain weight and grain numbers per spike , plant height and protein content , heading date and spikelet number per spike , have disadvantageous effect on the genetic improvement of wheat - rye recombinant lines 千粒重和穗粒數的負偏相關對小麥異源(黑麥)重組系的遺傳改良有重大影響，打破該相關也相當困難。
The order of the seed yield components to its yield is weight per seed > seed numbers per spikelet > florets per spikelet > spikelets per shoot > shoots 6個模型中， 5個種子產量因子每提高1個單位對其種子產量的提高大小排序為單粒種子重每小穗種子粒數每小穗小花數每生殖枝小穗數生殖枝數。
The absorbing amount of vigorous spikelets was 10 times higher than that of the weak spikelets , especially in hybrid rice combinations 雜交稻及其恢復系在物質分配方面表現出強勢粒對弱勢粒的粒間頂端優勢，雜交組合比相應恢復系的粒間頂端優勢表現更為明顯。
Each individual floret of the spikelet is also subtended by two bracts , the lower being called the lemma and the upper the palea 每一朵能發育的花的外面又有兩片鱗片狀的薄片包住，稱為稃片，外面的一片稱外稃，是花基部的苞片，里面的一片稱內稃。
Four components contribute to rice grain yield including the panicles per unit area , the number of spikelets , the percentage of , and the weight of ripe grains 四個水稻籽粒產量構成因素為單位面積穗數、小穗數、成熟籽粒百分數和成熟籽粒重量。
Temperature within extremely low and high levels , affected spikelet formation , ripening , and final grain yield 極低、極高范圍內的溫度影響小穗生成、成熟和最終籽粒產量。
The vascular bundle has a similar spikelet number load and sink load in the hphr and shanyou 63 重穗型組合的維管束穎花負荷量、總庫容負荷量均與汕優63相當。
In the grasses bracts are borne in pairs below the spikelets and are called glumes 在禾本科植物中苞片成對生長在每一個小穗的基部，稱為穎片。
Effects of spikelet and grain positions on grain number , weight and protein content of wheat spike 單粒重及單粒蛋白質含量的小穗位和粒位效應

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spikelet

spikelet 小穗；小穗狀花。

spikenard

Each individual floret of the spikelet is also subtended by two bracts , the lower being called the lemma and the upper the palea 每一朵能發育的花的外面又有兩片鱗片狀的薄片包住，稱為稃片，外面的一片稱外稃，是花基部的苞片，里面的一片稱內稃。

Four components contribute to rice grain yield including the panicles per unit area , the number of spikelets , the percentage of , and the weight of ripe grains 四個水稻籽粒產量構成因素為單位面積穗數、小穗數、成熟籽粒百分數和成熟籽粒重量。

Temperature within extremely low and high levels , affected spikelet formation , ripening , and final grain yield 極低、極高范圍內的溫度影響小穗生成、成熟和最終籽粒產量。

The vascular bundle has a similar spikelet number load and sink load in the hphr and shanyou 63 重穗型組合的維管束穎花負荷量、總庫容負荷量均與汕優63相當。

In the grasses bracts are borne in pairs below the spikelets and are called glumes 在禾本科植物中苞片成對生長在每一個小穗的基部，稱為穎片。

Effects of spikelet and grain positions on grain number , weight and protein content of wheat spike 單粒重及單粒蛋白質含量的小穗位和粒位效應